Practical guides · Page 11

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Assign Visits to Analysis Windows with Explicit Tie Rules

Preserve actual assessment dates while resolving overlapping windows and repeated measurements reproducibly.

Specify the Weighted Quantile Rule Before Comparing Results

Separate weighted distribution summaries from interpolation rules and survey uncertainty.

Compare Independent Means with a Welch Standard Error

Keep group variances and sample sizes separate when equal variance is not assumed.

Resolve Internal Cross-References in an Article

Trace table, figure, and note callouts to the intended XML targets before extracting results.

Preserve Identifier Namespaces in Article XML

Build article keys from identifier type and value when more than one identifier occurs in a record.

Check Which Affiliation Belongs to Each Author

Resolve byline markers and preserve many-to-many author–institution relationships.

Map Backward Citation Searches to Their Source Articles

Track which included papers supplied each reference and count unique candidates correctly.

Audit Binary Prediction Scores

Calculate a binary Brier score from valid aggregate inputs and distinguish overall probability accuracy from calibration.

Choose Calibration Bins Without Hiding Error

Audit bin boundaries, sample sizes, and aggregation before interpreting a probability calibration plot.

Summarize Categorical Diversity

Use Shannon and Simpson summaries to describe category distributions without turning diversity into a clinical quality score.

Preserve Consortium Names in Author Metadata

Distinguish a credited group from its members and retain the published byline order during import.

Check Whether a Downloaded Article Has Been Updated

Use Crossmark and the publisher record to identify updates affecting a saved article.